新型农村金融机构支农目标及信贷行为解释——以山东省调查为例

Explanations of New Rural Financial Institutions' Outreach and Credit Behavior—Exemplified by Shandong's Case

本文利用山东省新型农村金融机构的调查数据,分析了三类新型农村金融机构支农行为的差异及支农目标的共同特征,并从信贷行为角度解释其支农目标的实现。新型农村金融机构支农目标主要体现为借款者数量增加。贷款余额的扩大、期限多样性的增加、审批效率的提高及涉农成本的降低有利于增加借款者数量。政府的支农政策应鼓励新型农村金融机构增加借款者数量,仅关注支农深度及涉农比例只会干扰新型农村金融机构的市场化运行或鼓励支农数据造假行为。信贷政策上,应鼓励新型农村金融机构扩大贷款规模、增加贷款期限弹性、提高贷款审批效率、降低涉农贷款成本,并通过新型农村金融机构信贷模式创新,更有效地完成支农目标。

Using the survey data from three types of new rural financial institutions （NRFIs） in Shandong Prov- ince, this paper analyses the common and peculiar characteristics of outreach of NRFIs and explains the outreach in credit behavior. Increasing the number of borrowers is the main outreach of NRFIs. Loan balance, length of maturity, efficiency of examination and approval are positive to the number of borrowers, but fee is negative to the number of borrowers. The government should encourage the new rural financial situations to increase the number of borrowers. Emphasis on the agriculture-related depth and proportion can only interfere with the market-oriented operation of new rural financial institutions and encourage the fake agriculture-supporting phenomenon. In terms of credit policy, the government should encourage new financial institutions to expand its credit scale, increase the elasticity of credit dura- tion, raise the approval efficiency of credit and reduce the agriculture-related loans. Besides, the government should take corresponding credit policies and emphasize credit innovation in order to effectively complete the outreach.