英国古典大学学院制传统的形成及早期特点

On the Formation and the Early Characteristics of Collegiate Tradition in English Ancient Universities

英国牛津和剑桥两所古典大学至今最为完整地保留了学院制的办学传统。随着本科学院的形成,导师制成为学院教学制度的核心。《伊丽莎白章程》和《劳德规约》的颁布标志着学院制在两所古典大学中的正式确立。英国古典大学的学院制传统典型地呈现出联邦制管理模式、以教学为中心、导师制教学、独特学院生活模式以及宗教性和贵族性的早期特点。

The Oxford and Cambridge University have most completely preserved the collegiate tradition. In pace with the appearance of undergraduate college, tutorial system had turned into the core of college teaching. The publishing of Laudian Statutes and The Elizabethan Statutes marked the formal establishment of the collegiate system in the ancient universities. This collegiate tradition has presented some characteristics typically, such as federal management model, taking teaching as the core, tutorial system, unique college＇ s life style, religious and noble quality.