从“人物”到“问题”:深化毛泽东研究的新视点

From “Figure” to “Question”——On the New Point of Mao Zedong Research

传统"人物研究"尽管有助于深化对毛泽东生平轨迹与思想肖像的勾勒,但是单纯停留于现象层面的叙事和逻辑与理论视域的相对封闭性,很难进一步拓展毛泽东研究的理论视野与研究宽度。"问题研究"范式的"问题式"转换、开放性特征与现实关联性趋向,则较之于"人物研究"具有更为深刻的理论优势。因而,从"人物研究"向"问题研究"的研究视域的转换构成了当前深化毛泽东研究的一个新视点。当然,推进毛泽东研究由"人物研究"向"问题研究"的转换,必须要确立"问题研究"运行的基本规范,以期在科学方法的指引下加以深入推进。一方面"问题研究"需要以"人物研究"为前提,以"认知性研究"为依托,否则有可能陷入"扩张式"阅读或"象征性"解读的理论误区;另一方面科学鉴别毛泽东研究的"真问题"与"伪问题"是推进"问题研究"范式深入发展的重要环节。

Although the traditional ＂Figure Study＂ contributes to deeply draw the outline of Mao＇s life and thoughts,it still stays in the platform of phenomenal describing and logical seating, which led to the difficulty of further expanding the theoretical vision and the research breadth. The paradigm of＂ Question Study＂ jwhich contains with the transformation of problematic,the character of openness and the trend of connecting with reality, which is much more advantageous than＂ Figure Study＂. Accordingly, the transformation of re- search vision, from ＂Figure Study＂ to＂ Question Study＂ ,which constitutes the new path of deepening Man＇s study. Certainly, luther study of Mao Zedong from ＂Figure＂ to＂ Question＂ should establish the basic standard and goes in the guidance of scientific method. On the one hand, ＂Question Study＂ must stand on the premise of ＂Figure Study＂ ,otherwise it win mire into＂ exaggerated reading＂ and ＂symbolic reading＂. On the other hand, distinguishing the true problem and false problem is the most important step of furthering ＂Question Study＂.