斑鳜(♀)×鳜鱼(♂)杂交子一代、子二代的形态特征分析

Morphological Characterization of Hybrids F_1 and F_2 in Spotted Mandarinfish Siniperca scherzeri♀×Mandarinfish S.chuatsi♂

利用人工杂交手段获得了斑鳜(♀)×鳜鱼(♂)杂交子一代(F1)及其自繁子二代(F2),通过外形观察、可数性状和形态框架数据分析,比较杂交后代与亲本间的形态特征及差异。试验结果表明,杂交鳜子一代、子二代体斑偏向斑鳜,体型偏向鳜鱼。可数性状中,杂交鳜子一代、子二代的背鳍、臀鳍、胸鳍、腹鳍与斑鳜、鳜鱼间均无明显差异。框架可量性状分析表明,杂交鳜子一代、子二代头后背前隆角介于斑鳜与鳜鱼之间,比斑鳜隆起明显;在躯干长轴、躯干纵轴及躯干背腹比上,杂交鳜子一代、子二代均介于斑鳜、鳜鱼之间。聚类分析结果表明,斑鳜单独聚为一组,杂交鳜子一代、子二代与鳜鱼聚为一组。判别公式分析表明,斑鳜、鳜鱼、杂交鳜子一代、子二代群体的判别准确率分别为100%、81.8%、85.2%、58.8%。判别分析散点分布表明,杂交鳜子一代、子二代介于斑鳜与鳜鱼之间,表现偏鳜鱼。杂交鳜子二代各形态特征较子一代有一定分化。研究结果为杂交鳜种质鉴定及杂交育种提供了科学依据。

The morphological characterization of hybrids F1 and F2 in spotted mandarinfish Siniperca scherzeri ♀ × mandarinfish S.chuatsi♂ were compared with their parents by meristic and morphometric parameters.It was found that the hybrids F1and F2 showed resemble to the female parents in body spots,but resemble to the male parents in body shape.The numbers of dorsal fins,anal fins,pectoral fins and pelvic fins were relatively consistent in these four populations.The uplift angle at the posterior head and anterior dorsal part were more obviuos in the hybrids F1 and F2 than in the female parents.The hybrids F1 and F2 showed a mediated type between the female and male parents in trunk longitudinal axis,vertical axis,and dorsal/ventral ratio,respectively.Euclidean distance cluster analysis revealed that mandarinfish formed independent group,whereas the hybrids F1 and F2 formed another group with mandarinfish.The discriminating accuracy rate was found 100% in spotted mandarinfish,81.8%in mandarinfish,85.2% in F1,and 58.8% in F2.The discriminating scatterplot analysis indicated that the hybrids F1 and F2 lied between spotted mandarinfish,and mandarinfish,and tended to mandarinfish.The morphological characterization of the hybrid F2 showed some differentiation from the hybrid F1.These findings would provide some basic data for hybrid identification and hybridization breeding of Sinipercaspecies.