玉竹根腐病病原菌鉴定及抑菌剂筛选试验研究

Pathogen Identification of Root Rot on Polygonatum odoratum(Mill.) Druce and Experimental Research on Screening for the Fungistat

旨在明确玉竹根腐病的致病菌,筛选防治玉竹根腐病的安全低毒的抑菌剂。采集湖南省新邵县玉竹基地的玉竹病株进行病原菌的分离和鉴定;采用生长速率法,以13种中药制成的抑菌剂对根腐病病原进行抑菌实验,筛选具明显抑菌效果的中药。经鉴定玉竹根腐病病原为茄镰孢菌Fusarium solani;抑菌实验发现艾叶、苦参、吴茱萸、当归、前胡对菌丝生长的抑制效果明显,抑菌率分别达到了100%、97.62%、94.05%、91.67%、90.48%;石菖蒲的抑菌率为82.14%;蒲公英、车前草和白头翁的抑菌率在70%以上;蛇床子和黄柏的抑菌率在60%以上;天名精的抑菌率为51.19%,以上12种中药的抑菌率均高于50%多菌灵800倍液(45.24%),仅百部的抑菌率低于50%多菌灵800倍液。结果表明艾叶、苦参、吴茱萸、当归、前胡、蒲公英、车前草和白头翁对茄镰孢菌菌丝的生长抑菌率在70%以上,表现出了较强的抑制作用,为玉竹根腐病的防治提供了实验依据。

The experiment was aimed to make clear the pathogen of root rot on Polygonatum odoratum （Mill.） Druce. and to look for safe and harmfulness fungistat using to control the root rot on Polygonatum odoratum （Mill.） Druce. The diseased samples collected in Xinshao base of Polygonatum odoratum （Mill.） Druce in Hunan Province were used for separating and identifying the pathogen of root rot; 13 Chinese traditional medicines were made into fungistat to test with the root rot pathogen to screen for the ones with strong inhibition rate by using the growth rate method. The pathogens of root rot on Polygonatum odoratum （Mill.） Druee were Fusaffum solani; Folium Artemisiae argyi, Radix Sophorae tlavescentis, Fructus Evodiae, Radix Angelica sensis, Radix Peueedanum showed obvious effects to inhibit mycelial growth, the inhibition rates were 100%, 97.62%, 94.05%, 91.67%, 90.48%; the inhibition rate of Rhizoma Aeori Tata^nowii was 82.14%, the inhibition rates of Herba Taraxaei, Herba Plantaginis and Radix Pulsatillae were all above 70%; the inhibition rates of both Fruetus Cnidii and Cortex Phellodendri were above 60%; the inhibition rate of Herba Carpesii was 51.19%. All the traditional Chinese medicine above showed higher inhibition rate than 50% earbendazim 800 times-liquid （45.24%） but Radix Stemonae showed lower inhibition rate than it. The resultsshowed that the traditional Chinese medicine Folium Artemisiae argyi, Radix Sophorae t7aveseentis, Fructus Evodiae, Radix Angelica sensis, Radix Peucedanum, Rhizoma Acmi Tatagnowii, Herba Taraxaci, Herba Plantaginis and Radix Pulsatillae showed strong inhibition rate that above 70%. The data had provided experimental basis for the control of root rot of Polygonatum odoratum （Mill.） Druce.