新型聚氨酸增效剂对蔬菜生长和产量的影响

Effect of New Type Synergist of Poly Amino Acid on Vegetables Growth and Yield

为提高肥料利用率、保护农田生态环境,采用田间试验方法,研究聚氨酸增效剂对蔬菜生长和产量的影响。结果表明,与传统施肥相比,聚氨酸增效剂可使茄子株高、叶宽和产量分别增加5.6%~11.1%,7.1%~14.3%与3.1%~11.8%;使甘蓝株高、叶宽和产量分别增加6.2%~13.4%,9.1%~12.7%与2.5%~5.8%。试验还表明,当蔬菜的生长期在2个月内,以复合肥＋尿素＋2‰聚氨酸增效剂处理能获得更高的产量;当蔬菜的生长期超过2个月,推荐复合肥＋尿素＋2‰（3‰或4‰）聚氨酸增效剂＋7‰NAM长效剂处理,具有较大的增产潜力。甘蓝收获后,聚氨酸增效剂对土壤有机质变化影响不大,对土壤碱解氮和速效磷的吸收有一定的促进作用,对速效钾影响不明显,但同时添加NAM长效剂能延长养分供应时间。聚氨酸与NAM处理对土壤电导率影响不明显,不会引起土壤盐渍化等环境问题,宜在农业中推广应用。

In order to improve the utilization rate of fertilizer and protect agro-ecological environment, the influence of poly amino acid synergist on vegetables growth and yield were studied by field test. The results showed that compared with the traditional fertilization, the treatments of poly amino acid synergist increased the eggplant plant height, leaf width and yield by 5.6%-11.1%, 7.1%-14.3% and 3.1%-11.8% respectively; and increased the cabbage plant height, leaf width and yield by 6.2%-13.4%, 9.1%-12.7% and 2.5%-5.8% respectively. The results also showed that when vegetables growth period was in two months, the treatment of compound fertilizer ＋ urea ＋ 2%0 poly amino acid synergist obtained higher yield. When vegetables growth period was more than two months, the treatments of compound fertilizer＋ urea＋ 2%0 （3%0 or 4%0） poly amino acid synergist＋ 7%0 NAM inhibitor were recommended in practice. After cabbage plant harvest, soil samples were analyzed and the results indicated that poly amino acid synergist was with a little effect on soil organic matter, and some promoting absorption on soil available nitrogen and available phosphors, however, no obvious effect on available potassium. In the meantime, adding NAM inhibitor prolonged the nutrient supply. Poly amino acid and NAM treatments were not obvious effects on the soil electrical conductivity; indicating no environmental problems such as soil salinization will cause, and therefore should be popularized and applied in agricultural production.