硫素对不同基因型大豆皂甙含量的影响

Effect of Sulfur on the Accumulation of Soyasaponins in Different Soybean Varieties

为了探讨施硫量对不同基因型大豆皂甙含量的影响,寻找不同基因型大豆品种最佳施硫水平,以期提高大豆皂甙的含量,改善大豆品质。选用在黑龙江省种植面积较大的‘黑农48’(高蛋白)‘、黑农37’(中间型)和‘黑农44’(高油)3种大豆作为试验材料。采用盆栽种植,每个品种设4个处理组(即每kg土壤分别施单质硫0、0.02、0.04、0.06 g,即S1、S2、S3、S4)。采用有机溶剂提取法,对成熟大豆籽粒皂甙的含量进行测定。结果表明:‘黑农48’在S2条件下皂甙含量最高,‘黑农44’和‘黑农37’均在S3水平下皂甙含量最高,但‘黑农37’S1～S3水平表现不明显。过高硫素含量会降低大豆皂甙含量,不同基因型大豆对硫素敏感度不同,合理适量的施用硫肥能有效地提高大豆皂甙的含量。

In order to evaluate the effect of sulfur on the accumulation of soyasaponins,the best phosphorus levels of different genotype soybean varieties were explored to improve their qualities. 3 soybean varieties（‘Heinong48＇,high-proteincultivar;‘Heinong37＇,middle cultivar; and‘Heinong44＇,high-oil cultivar）grown more in Heilongjiang Province were investigated. The soybean seeds were planted in pots. 4 levels of sulfur（S） treatment were designed,which were S1,S2,S3and S4（0,0.02,0.04,0.06 g of sulfur per kilogram of soil）. The accumulation of mature soybean seed soyasaponins was determined by organic solvent extraction. It showed that：soyasaponins content of‘HN48＇peaked under S3level; soyasaponins content of‘HN44＇and‘HN37＇peaked under S3level; but it shew little change in‘HN37＇under S1to S3level. High sulphur content reduced the content of soyasaponins. Different genotype soybean had different sensitive to sulphur. These findings suggested that appropriate amounts of S fertilization might contribute to the increased concentrations of soyasaponins.