常州方言“鬼”字族研究

The Research on “Ghost” Word Family of Changzhou Dialect

常州方言词汇丰富多彩,其中"鬼"字族的形式颇为显著。常州方言"鬼"字族的特点主要表现在构形法和造词法上。在构形法上包括两大类,一类是"鬼"作为"前加成分"和"后加成分";另外一类是重叠式的结构。而在造词法上主要表现在谐音法和修辞法两个方面。通过与普通话相关词语的比较研究,在词语形式和词语意义两方面总结出常州方言"鬼"字族异于普通话的主要特点。

The vocabulary of Changzhou dialect is colorful, among which the ＂ghost＂ word is obvious and significant. The characteristics of ＂ghost＂ word family of Changzhou dialect mainly lie in the form-building and the word-building. The form-building comprises two categories, such as ＂prefixal ingredients＂, ＂assed ingredients＂ and the eclipsed form, while in the word-building, there are homophonic and rhetoric methods. Through a comparative study of Changzhou dialect with Mandarin Chinese, the main purpose is to summarize the features of the ＂ghost＂ word family of Changzhou dialect, which is different from Mandarin in two aspects： form and meaning.