《华语官话语法》与《唐话纂要》的社交用语比较

A Comparative Study of the Social Terms in Grammar of the Mandarin Language and Tōwa sanyō>

《华语官话语法》与《唐话纂要》分别是西班牙传教士弗朗西斯科·瓦罗和日本汉学者冈岛援之为汉语初学者编辑的汉语教材,两书的成书年代相近,所收录的"官话"和"唐话"均以南京方言为基础,内容丰富。其中的社交用语部分也能看出两本书在收录编辑时的异同,从而更好地了解三百年前的异域人是如何来学习汉语,学习方法上彼此有何不同;了解带有不同目的的学习者是如何运用社交语言和礼仪来为自己的目的服务的;发掘这些研究对国内汉语研究和对外汉语教学的意义。

Grammar of the Mandarin Language and Towa sanyo are Chinese textbooks written respectively by the Spanish missionary Francisco Varo and the Japanese scholar Kanzan Okajima for Chinese beginners. The publication dates of these two books are very close. ＂Mandarin＂ and ＂tang words＂ collected by these two books rely on the Nanjing dialect. Both books are rich in content, covering pronunciation, grammar, vocabu- lary, social terms, etc. This paper makes a comparison of the similarities and differences of the social terms in the two books and expects to reveal their compilation principles, their Chinese-learning methods three hundred years ago, as well as their use of social terms and etiquettes for different purposes, which should have some significance to domestic Chinese studies and TCFL.