高压共轨柴油机燃用煤制柴油、传统柴油及其混合燃料的排放比较(英文)

Comparison of Emissions from Common-Rail Engine Fuelled with Fischer-Tropsch Diesel, Conventional Diesel and Their Blends

利用现代高压共轨直喷柴油机,在ESC循环和负荷特性模式下系统研究煤制柴油这一新型清洁燃料的常规和非常规排放特性,并与燃用传统柴油时的排放特性进行了比较.其中负荷特性试验模式采用了3个转速,每个转速采用4个负荷.研究表明,高转速高负荷条件下煤制柴油能大幅降低NOx排放,怠速和低负荷条件下能大幅降低HC和CO排放,高转速低负荷下能大幅降低PM排放.PM排放随燃料中煤制柴油含量增加而下降,而HC、CO、NOx排放在煤制柴油体积分数为30%和50%时基本相同.燃料中煤制柴油体积分数增加,PM粒径变小,数目增多.

This paper describes the experimental results of a common-rail engine fuelled with Fischer-Tropsch （F-T） diesel, conventional diesel and their blends. Both regulated and non-regulated emissions were measured in order to exploit at the best the synergies between the engine technology and the fuel properties. Experiments were performed in European steady state cycle （ESC） and load-characteristic modes. In load-characteristic modes, the tested engine was operated at three speeds, each with four different engine loads. The experimental results showed that the NOx emission benefit of F-T fuel was more evident at high speed and high load, and larger benefits of HC and CO emissions were obtained at the idle operating point and low-load points. Reduced particulate matter （PM） emissions were proportional to the F-T fractions in the blends, while a 50% or 30%, blend of F-T could produce the same gaseous reduction as the neat F-T fuel. PM emission reductions with F-T fuel and its blends were more dependent on engine operating condi- tions than gaseous emission reduction. The PM benefits were more evident at high speed and low load. The reductions of the mean particle diameters were almost proportional to the amount of F-T in the blend. The particle size distribu- tions were wider and the total particle number concentrations were larger with blends than those with neat F-T fuel or diesel fuel.