2011年与2012年住院患者医院感染监测分析

Surveillance and analysis of nosocomial infections in hospitalized patients during 2011and 2012

目的了解精神病院医院感染的现状及分布特点,为预防和控制医院感染提供科学依据。方法采用回顾性调查方法,分别对2011年1-6月和2012年1-6月出院的7671例患者中发生医院感染病例进行调查监测。结果 2011年1-6月发生医院感染104例,感染率为2.86%、漏报率为11.54%,2012年1-6月发生医院感染102例,感染率为2.53%、漏报率为7.84%;感染率和漏报率均较2011年有下降,但差异无统计学意义;不同科室之间医院感染发生率有所不同,以老年精神科为高发科室;感染部位常见为下呼吸道感染88例占42.72%,其次为上呼吸道感染64例占31.07%;病原学检查190例,病原学送检率为92.23%,阳性率为21.18%。结论进一步加强医院感染管理,采取预防和控制措施,降低呼吸道感染,有效降低医院感染发生率。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the current condition and distribution of nosocomial infections in mental hospital, so as to provide scientific basis for preventing and controlling the nosocomial infections. METHODS A retrospective investigation was conducted on the cases of nosocomial infections in 7671 patients who discharged from the hospital during the first half of 2011 and 2012. RESULTS 104 cases of nosocomial infections were found in the first half of 2011 and the infection rate was 2.86%, the missing report rate was 11.54% ; 102 cases of noso- comial infections were found in the first half of 2012 and the infection rate was 2.53%, the missing report rate was 7.84%, which was lower than that in 2011, but the difference had no statistics signifieancal. The rate of nosoco-mial infection was different between different departments, but it was high in the senile psychiatric department. The infections were commonly found in lower respiratory tract with 88 cases accounting for 42.72%. The second- ary sites were upper respiratory tract with 64 cases accounting for 31.07 %; etiology examination was performed on 190 cases and the pathogens examination rate was 92.23 %, the positive rate was 21.18 %. CONCLUSION The control of nosocomial infection should be further strengthened, and prevention and controlling measures should be taken to reduce respiratory infections and the incidence of nosocomial infections.