基于股权结构差异的银行经营效率研究——对13家上市商业银行数据的实证分析

The Research of China's Bank Operating Efficiency Based on the Ownership Structure Differences——The Empirical Analysis of Thirteen listed Commercial Banks

本文运用CCR模型对我国上市商业银行的经营效率进行了评估,同时引入超效率模型,对所研究样本的经营效率进行深入分析和综合排序。通过对各商业银行经营效率按照股权性质和股权集中度进行分组,本文发现五大国有控股商业银行的整体经营效率远低于其他8家已经上市的全国性股份制商业银行,而且商业银行的股权集中度与银行效率呈现"倒U型的关系"。通过进一步对非DEA有效的商业银行的投入产出指标进行DEA相对有效面上的投影,发现固定资产净值未有效利用、员工人数过多以及存款总额利用效率不高,是制约这些上市商业银行非DEA有效的瓶颈。针对问题,本文从投入产出的角度提出若干提高DEA效率的对策措施。

In this paper,the CCR model is applied to assess the operational efficiency of the listed commercial banks in China,while the super-efficiency model is introduced to do more comprehensive ranking analysis on the value of the efficiency of the studied samples. Following the differences of commercial banks＇ ownership structure,we classified the types of banks. The research finds that,overall operating efficiency of the five state-controlled commercial banks is much lower than the eight listed national joint-stock commercial banks. The relationship about ownership concentration and operational efficiency is the inverted U type. In the further study,We found that the net fixed assets are were not effectively used is a major bottleneck restricting the operation efficiency of the seven listed commercial banks which are relatively inefficient; both excessive employees and the lower efficiency of total deposits affect operational efficiency of these banks,especially the state-controlled commercial banks; in order to become relatively DEA efficient,these banks need to find ways to increase the output level of interest income and operating income.