巴克夏猪繁殖与生长发育性状的选育进展

A report on breeding progress of Berkshire pigs with reproductive and growth traits

为了选育专门化品系,试验组建5个血统,包含11头公猪、20头母猪的巴克夏猪基础群。通过种猪场内测定,采用闭锁与开放相结合的选育策略,应用种猪育种数据处理系统(GBS系统)估计育种值,根据综合指数的高低排序选留。结果表明:经过5年的选育,试验测定了4个世代的繁殖性能和5个世代的生长发育性能,经产母猪总产仔数提高0.45头(P>0.05),21日龄窝重提高6.78 kg(P<0.01)。公猪达100 kg体重日龄缩短14.93 d,背膘厚降低0.83 mm,料重比降低0.18,差异不显著(P>0.05);母猪达100 kg体重日龄缩短15.63 d,背膘厚降低0.70 mm,料重比降低0.17,差异均极显著(P<0.01)。体长变化不大,公母猪体高与胸围均极显著提高(P<0.01)。

To breed a specialized pig line, a base breeding herd of Berkshire pigs was established including 5 bloodlines with 11 boars and 21 sows. The breeding result was estimated by a farm test using the closed and open breeding strategy and GBS breading data processing system. After 5 years of breeding, reproductive performance of d generations with growth performance of 5 generations were measured, respectively. The litter size of muhiparous sows was increased by 0.45 （P 〉 0.05 ）, while the 21 - day - old litter weight was increased by 6.78 kg（ P 〈 0.01 ）. The day of age at 100 kg of body weight in boars was shortened by 14.93 d, and the backfat thickness and feed conversion ratio were decreased by 0.83 mm and 0.18, respectively, these differences were not significant （P 〉 0.05 ）. Cows the day of age at I00 kg of body weight was shortened by 15.63 d, and the backfat thickness and feed conversion ratio were decreased by 0.70 mm and 0.17, these differences were highly significant （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. There was a little change in the body length, while the body height and chest circumference were significantly increased （ P 〈 0.01 ） between boars and sows.