教练员领导行为与运动员竞赛焦虑:运动自信的中介效应和认知风格的调节效应

Coaches' Leading Behaviors and Athletes' Competitive Anxiety:The Mediation Effects of Sport Confidence and the Moderation Effects of Cognitive Style

探讨了运动员感知到的教练员领导行为对其竞赛焦虑可能存在的影响作用,同时,对运动自信与认知风格在其中可能产生的中介效应和调节效应进行了检验。对266名专业运动员采用相关量表进行测量的结果表明,运动员感知到的教练员领导行为的多个维度与运动员的竞赛焦虑存在显著的相关性。同时,运动自信在运动员感知到的教练员领导行为的多个维度与竞赛焦虑之间的关系中存在部分或完全的中介效应。而认知风格在运动员感知到的教练员训练指导行为、民主行为、专制行为与竞赛焦虑的关系中起到显著的调节作用。

The main purpose of this study was to explore the influence of athletes＇ perception of coaches＇ behaviors on their competitive anxiety. Meanwhile, the study examined the hypothesized mediation effects of sport confidence and the proposed moderation effects of cognitive style in the links between the perceived coaching behaviors and athletes＇ competitive anxiety. Relevant instruments were implemented to 266 athletes. The results of data analysis revealed that most of the dimensions of coaching behaviors perceived by athletes were significantly correlated to athletes＇ competitive anxiety. Athletes＇ sport confidence either fully or partially mediated the associations between the perceived dimensions of coaching behaviors and athletes competitive anxiety. The cognitive style of athletes significantly moderated the associations between training and instruction behaviors, democratic behaviors, autocratic behaviors of coaches perceived by the athletes and athletes ＇ competitive anxiety.