中国工业制成品出口的国内技术复杂度测算及其动态变迁——基于国际垂直专业化分工的视角

Measuring Upgrading and the Domestic Technological Sophistication of China's Manufactured Exports Based on the Perspective of Vertical Specialization

本文基于国际垂直专业化分工的视角,构建了一套测算出口品国内技术复杂度(DTS)的新方法,通过剔除出口商品中所包含的进口中间投入品价值,分别从全国、产业及地区三个层面对2002—201 1年期间中国工业制成品出口的国内技术复杂度进行了测算和分析。研究结果表明:中国出口品国内技术复杂度总体上呈现出稳步增长的态势,但其与出口品全部技术复杂度(WTS)之间的差距呈逐步扩大趋势;出口品国内技术复杂度变化呈现出明显的行业差异性,其中资源型行业、低技术行业、中技术行业以及高技术行业中的交通运输设备制造业、通用及专用设备制造业和电气机械及器材制造业等行业的国内技术复杂度均呈现出增长态势,而电子及通信设备制造业、仪器仪表及其他计量器具制造业等行业则呈现出较为明显的下降趋势:出口品国内技术复杂度均值较高的省份主要集中在东部地区,而其增幅较大的省份则主要位于中西部地区,三大地区出口品国内技术复杂度之间的差距呈现出收敛趋势。

Based on the perspective of international vertical specialization, this paper establishes a new method for measuring the domestic technological sophistication（DTS） of China＇s exports, in order to comprehensively eliminate the values of imported intermediate inputs that are included in China＇s exports, and then measuring and analyzing the domestic technological sophistication of the Chinese manufactured exports during the period of 2002-- 2011 from the national, industrial and regional level respectively. We find that： Firstly, the DTS generally shows a steady growth trend, but the gap between DTS and with the whole technological sophistication is becoming bigger and bigger. Secondly, the DTS shows obvious heterogeneity among the different industries, such as all of the resource -based industries, low -tech industries, middle -tech industries, and the transportation equipment manufacturing industry which is included in the high-tech industries generally show a steady growth trend; However, the electronic and communications equipment manufacturing industry which is also included in the high- tech industries is showing a obviously download trend. Lastly, the higher mean provinces of the DTS are mainly located in the eastern region, but its larger increase provinces are mainly located in the middle and the west regions, and the DTS of the three regions shows a gradually convergence trend.