某肿瘤医院放射工作人员年累积受照剂量与甲状腺功能的研究

Relationship between Cumulative One-year Exposure Dose and Thyroid Function in Radiation Workers in a Tumor Hospital

目的调查某肿瘤医院放射工作人员年累积受照剂量与甲状腺功能现状,探讨两者之间的关系,旨在为有效保护放射工作人员的身体健康提供参考。方法以江西省某肿瘤医院放射科、放疗技术科、核医学科等科室的112名放射工作人员为调查对象。调查内容包括调查对象的性别、年龄及职业的性质、类别、时间等一般情况,以及其年累积受照剂量、血清游离三碘甲腺原氨酸(FT3)、血清游离甲状腺素(FT4)、促甲状腺激素(TSH)水平。年累积受照剂量的检测采用微机热释光测量法,FT3、FT4和TSH检测采用化学发光免疫分析法。采用线性回归分析法对放射工作人员FT3、FT4水平的影响因素进行分析。结果 112名放射工作人员的年累积受照剂量平均水平为(0.49±0.55)mSv,核医学工作者的年累积受照剂量明显高于其他工种(F=9.165,P<0.001);所有调查对象的FT3、FT4和TSH水平均在正常值范围内,不同年龄组和不同职业时间组的FT4水平相比差异均有统计学意义(F=4.119、P=0.008,F=7.756、P=0.001);放射工作人员FT3、FT4水平与年累积受照剂量有关。结论长期接触低剂量电离辐射会对放射工作人员的甲状腺功能产生一定的影响,应注重提高整体防护水平,同时加强重点工种放射工作人员的防护。

Objective To explore the relationship between cumulative one-year exposure dose and thyroid function in radiation workers in a tumor hospital,and to provide the reference for ef- fectively protecting the health of radiation workers. Methods General conditions （gender and age of workers and nature, category and duration of work）, cumulative one-year exposure close and se- rum levels of free triiodothyronine （FT3）,free thyroxine （FT4） and thyroid-stimulating hormone （TSH） were investigated in 112 radiation workers in radiology department, radiation therapy technology department, nuclear medicine department and other departments of a tumor hospital of Jiangxi province. Cumulative one-year exposure dose was detected using microcomputer-based thermoluminescence method and levels of FT3, FT4 and TSH were measured using chemiluminescence immunoassay method. The factors influencing FT3 and FT4 were analyzed by linear regres sion. Results The mean one-year exposure dose was （0.49±0.55） mSv among the 112 radiation workers. Moreover, cumulative one-year exposure dose in nuclear medicine workers was significantly higher than that in others（F=9. 165,P〈0.001）. Levels of FT3,FT4 and TSH were normal in all radiation workers. However,there were significant differences in FT4 levels among different age groups（F=4. 119,P=0. 008）,as well as among different work duration groups（F= 7. 756,P=0. 001）. FT3,FT4 levels of radiation workers associated with cumulative one-year exposure dose. Conclusion Long-term exposure to low doses of ionizing radiation can affect the thyroid function in radiation workers. Therefore, occupational protection should be strengthened, especially in radiation workers.