压力容器开孔接管区的应力分析及优化设计

Stress Analysis and Optimization Design of Connecting Zone of Nozzle to Pressure Vessel

在介质压力作用下,受内压壳体与接管连接处的局部区域,由于几何形状和尺寸的突变,会产生不连续应力,即应力集中现象。采用应力集中系数法和ANSYS软件对受内压壳体开孔接管区局部应力进行计算,经比较ANSYS软件所得计算结果较为精确,且适当改变接管和壳体的厚度,减小接管半径,有利于降低局部应力。采用ANSYS结构优化计算,得到了一个较优的结构尺寸,局部应力最小。

Under the pressure of medium,local region at connecting zone of nozzle to shell will occur discontinuous stress as stress-focus phenomenon due to the mutation of size and geometry. In this paper, the local stress of connecting zone of nozzle to shell under the internal pressure was calculated by using the curve of stress concentration coefficient and ANSYS software;calculated results of above two methods were compared. The results show that, calculated result of ANSYS software is more accurate;to appropriately change thickness of nozzle and shell or reduce the nozzle radius may help to reduce the local stress. The structural optimization calculation by using ANSYS can get better structural dimensions which contain the lowest local stress.