吉林省成年人吸烟现状及其对吸烟危害认知程度的调查分析

Investigation on smoking status and smoking-harm cognitive degree among adults in Jilin province

目的：了解吉林省成年人吸烟、被动吸烟、戒烟状况和对烟草相关危害的认知与控烟态度，为吉林省制定控烟相关政策提供科学依据。方法：采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样方法，共收集吉林省18～79岁常住居民21435人，采取调查问卷和体格检查相结合的方式，分析吉林省不同人群吸烟率、戒烟率、被动吸烟率、烟草相关知识知晓率和控烟态度。结果：吉林省成年人吸烟率为31．8％，男性成年人吸烟率高于女性（52．9％VS9．4％，P〈0．001），农村高于城市（33．2％vs30．7％，P〈0．001）。不同年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、职业和家庭月收入的成年人吸烟率差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．001）。吉林省成年人戒烟率为18．6％，不同年龄、婚姻、职业和家庭月收入人群间的戒烟率差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．001）。成人被动吸烟率为60．5％；被动吸烟场所以家里和工作场所居多，分别占33．4％和21．7％。调查对象中支持公共场所禁烟、餐馆禁烟和加大政府控烟力度百分比分别为93．4％、92．0％和93．9％。女性烟草相关知识的知晓率低于男性（P〈0．001），农村低于城市（P〈0．05）；其中对于“低焦油含量香烟危害与一般香烟相当”知晓率较低，仅为15．3％。结论：吉林省成年人吸烟率和被动吸烟率高于2002年全国吸烟率和被动吸烟率，烟草相关知识知晓率较低，对控烟支持程度较高。

Objective To investigate the situation of smoking, passive smoking and quitting smoking, and the cognitive and the attitudes towards tobacco-related harm among adults in Jilin province, and to provide basis for formulatting tobacco control policies in Jilin province. Methods By multi stage stratified random cluster sampling methods, a total of 21 435 adults aged 18--79 years old were enrolled in the questionnaire survey and physical examination. After being weighted according to the complex sampling scheme and post stratification, the sample was used to estimate the prevalence rates of smoking, quitting smoking and passive smoking, and the cognitive of tobacco-related knowledge and attitudes towards smoking control of adults in Jilin province. Results The prevalence rate of smoking was 31.8%, and it was higher in the male than the female （52.9% vs 9.4%, P〈0.001）, and it was higher in rural area than urban area （33.2% vs 30.7%, P〈0.01）. The prevalence rates of smoking were significantly different among the adults with different ages, educations, marriages, occupations and month incomes per family （P〈0. 001）. The prevalence rate of quitting smoking of the adults in Jilin province was 18.6%, and the rates were significantly different among the adults with different ages, marriages, occupations and month incomes per family （P〈0. 001）. The passive smoking rate of the adults in Jilin province was 60.5%. People encountered passive smoking mostly at home and workplace （33.4% and 21. 7%）. The percentages of supportting non-smoking in public places and restaurants and increasing the efforts of government＇s tobacco control were 93.4%, 92.0%, and 93.9%, respectively. The cognitive rate of tobacco-related knowledge of the female was higher than the male （P〈0. 001）, and the cognitive rate of the people in rural was less than that in cities （P〈0.05）. The cognitive rate of the harm of low-tar content cigarettes being similar to common cigarettes was low, which was only 15.3%. Conclusion The prevalence rates of smoking and passive smoking are higher than those in 2002, and the cognitive rate of tobacco-related knowledge is low, and the rate of supporting tabocco control of the adults in Jilin province is high.