口腔内自发性出血患者急诊治疗临床探讨

Clinical Study of Emergency Treatment of Patients with Spontaneous Oral Hemorrhage

目的探讨分析口腔内自发性出血的原因以及急诊治疗方法。方法收集140例口腔内自发性出血患者作为研究对象,通过病史询问、临床检查以及实验室检查等,分析出血原因,并予以对症治疗。结果该组111例(79.28%)为局部因素引起出血,其中,69例牙龈炎导致出血,发生率显著高于其他因素所导致的出血(P<0.05),18例(12.86%)牙周炎、20例(14.29%)拔牙、4例(2.86%)不良修复体、1例(0.71%)牙龈肿瘤导致出血;29例(15.57%)患者伴发全身性疾病导致口腔内自发性出血,其中,血小板减少3例(2.14%),2例(1.43%)白血病,17例(12.14%)高血压,7例(5.00%)肝硬化;一次性彻底止血136例(97.14%)。结论口腔内自发性出血主要是由于牙龈炎症所引起的,同时还应注意全身因素诱发出血,及时予以局部填塞压迫并应用全身性止血药物可有效止血。

Objective To investigate and analyze the causes and emergency treatment of spontaneous oral hemorrhage. Methods 140 eases of patients with spontaneous oral hemorrhage were selected as the subjects. The causes of bleeding were analyzed from the aspects of medical history, clinical examination and laboratory examination, and symptomatic treatment was given to the pa- tients. Results In this group, 111 cases of spontaneous oral hemorrhage （79.28%） were caused by local factors. Among them, 69 cases were caused by gingivitis, the bleeding rate was significantly higher than that of other factors （P〈0.05）; 18 cases （12.86%） were caused by periodontitis, 20 cases（14.29%）by tooth extraction, 4 cases （2.86%iby bad repair body, 1 case（0.71%） by gingi- val neoplasm; 29 cases（ 15.57%）by concomitant systemic diseases, including 3 cases （2.14%）of thrombocytopenia, 2 cases（1.43%） of leukemia, 17 cases （12.14%） of hypertension and 7 cases （5.00%）of liver cirrhosis. Disposable thorough hemostasis in 136 cases （97.14%）. Conclusion Spontaneous oral bleeding is caused mainly by gingivitis, but attention should also be paid to systemic diseases induced bleeding. Timely local tamponade and application of systemic hemostatic drugs can effectively stop the bleeding.