好氧堆肥反应器对人粪便堆肥中温降解的中试研究

A pilot scale study on a human feces composting in aerobic medium temperature composting reactor

控制温度为（35±2）℃，以新鲜锯末为空白载体，在控制含水率为55％～60％和强制通风的好氧条件下，进行为期15d的实验，进行了人粪便好氧堆肥的中试研究，重点分析了在堆肥过程中有机物的降解、氮素的迁移转化规律及生物量的变化。结果表明，粪便中有机物含量在前2天稍微上升，然后迅速下降，最终去除率为71．82％；随着NH3-N释放量的增加，堆料中Ntot含量从第4天开始减少，最终损失22．61％，其中Norg损失占74．35％，NH3-N占23．52％；所损失的氮素有91．66％以氨氮的形式释放。粪便中的有机物和氮的含量能在8～10d后达到稳定，且堆体无臭味；粪便中溶解性有机物为微生物的生长提供营养物质，因此生物量变化的过程与有机物降解的有着紧密的联系；病原菌在堆肥过程中得到有效去除，表明该反应器堆肥的无害化。

An experiment taking 15 days as a cycle was conducted for pilot research on aerobic composting for human feces by taking fresh sawdust as the blank medium at a controlled temperature of （35 ± 2）℃ and under aerobic condition of 55% - 60% moisture content and forced ventilation. The degradation of organic matter, migration and transmission rule of nitrogen and the change of biomass were analyzed. The result showed that in the first couple of days, the organic content was slightly increased and then fell sharply, resulted in the final removal rate of 71.82%. With the increase of NH3-N release amount,the N tot content in the compost began to reduce from the 4th day,by a total loss of 22.61% ,in which,the loss of Nors takes up 74.35% and NH3-N takes up 23.52%. 91.66% of lost nitrogen was released in form of ammonia nitrogen. Organics and nitrogen content in the human feces were generally stable during the 8th - 10th days,and the compost was odorless. Dissolved or- ganic matter in the human feces provides nutriment for the growth of microorganism. Therefore, the biomass change process is closely relevant to the organic matter degradation; the effective removal of pathogenic bacteria during the composting process indicated that the compositing in the reactor is harmless.