中国遗产地旅游景气指数测评及提升模式

Evaluation of the Tourism Prosperity Index and its promotion for Heritage Sites in China

测评旅游景气指数可定量分析遗产地旅游产业发展状况,推动遗产地旅游资源保护与旅游业可持续发展。首先提出遗产地旅游景气指数测评概念性框架,其次建立遗产地旅游景气指数测评指标体系,构建遗产地旅游景气合成指数测度模型,然后选择张家界市(世界自然遗产地)、承德市(世界文化遗产地)与黄山市(世界文化与自然遗产地)作为案例,分析我国遗产地旅游景气指数。研究结果表明:①2001年我国遗产地旅游景气综合指数为100.89,2012年为110.96,年均增长速度为0.87%;②我国遗产地先行指标、一致指标与滞后指标的旅游景气指数均呈现出持续增长的态势,一致指标的旅游景气指数容易受到突发事件的影响;③我国3类遗产地的旅游景气综合指数均呈现出持续增长的态势,从长远看,文化型遗产地旅游景气指数可能会相对自然型遗产地更高;④我国遗产地的旅游景气综合指数与GDP指数之间呈现幂指数正相关关系。最后,从全国旅游休闲发展环境营造、遗产地旅游建设与管理、遗产地突发性事件应急处理3个方面来构建遗产地旅游景气指数提升模式。

The development state of the heritage tourism industry can be analyzed quantitatively using the tourism prosperity index. Here, we first propose a conceptual framework for the evaluation of the tourism prosperity index for heritage sites. The index system of prosperity evaluation and composite index model of heritage site tourism were constructed. The tourism prosperity index was measured and analyzed using the sites Zhangjiajie （World Natural Heritage）, Chengde （World Cultural Heritage） and Huangshan （World Natural and Cultural Heritage）. We found that the tourism prosperity comprehensive index for these heritage sites was 100.89 in 2001 and 110.96 in 2012; the average annual growth rate was 0.87%. The tourism prosperity index for the leading indicator, consistent indicators and lagging indicators showed a tendency of continuous growth, while the tourism prosperity index for consistent indicators was easily affected by emergencies. The comprehensive indexes of tourism prosperity on three types of heritage site show continuous growth. The tourism prosperity index of culture heritage sites could be relatively higher than that of natural heritage sites in the long term. The tourism comprehensive prosperity index is positively correlated with a GDP index. A promotion model for the tourism prosperity index is suggested based on constructing the development environment of national tourism and leisure, the construction and management of heritage tourism, and the handling of emergencies in heritage sites.