土地行政问责对耕地保护的效果评价——以江苏省为例

Land Administrative Accountability for Farmland Protection in Jiangsu Province

由于地方政府既是土地资源使用者也是其管理者,为了发展地方经济增加政绩工程,在城市化进程加快的过程中,违法违规管地用地行为时常发生,导致耕地资源减少迅速。中央政府为了进一步保护耕地,规范地方政府管地用地行为,实行了土地行政问责制。为了探求土地行政问责对耕地保护的政策效果,本文以江苏省为例,采用虚拟变量模型,以Eviews为分析工具进行了研究。结果表明:实施土地行政问责后,江苏省第二、三产业每增加1亿元社会固定资产投资可节约耕地0.25hm2,2009-2011年间,土地行政问责共使江苏省节约土地11 739.51hm2,江苏省土地行政问责对耕地保护的短期效果明显。但根据江苏省未来几年发展规划和现有的第二、三产业固定资产投资边际违法耕地占用量的预测结果来看,未来几年(至2015年)江苏省遏制违法占用耕地形势仍然十分严峻。据此,文章提出了加强土地行政问责力度和加快产业结构升级的建议。

In order to develop the local economy and increase projects, the illegal use of land leads to a decrease in cultivated land because the local government is both a user and manager of land resources in China＇ s urbanization. The Central Government implemented land responsibility systems in order to protect cultivated land and the standard actions of local government. This paper uses dummy variables and Eviews to quantitatively assess cropland protection＇ s effect on land administrative accountability over the purposes of use of land in Jiangsu province. The dependent variable （the area of illegal occupation of arable land in Jiangsu） and independent variables （the fixed investments of the second and third industry in Jiangsu and the area of construction land in Jiangsu approved by the State Council） were introduced into the land responsibility system in the form of dummy variables. Our results indicate that implementing land administrative accountability over the purposes of land use can saves 0.25hm2 of cropland for every capital construction investment of 100 million CNY in Jiangsu. The total cropland saved is 11 739.5 lhm2 during 2009-2011. Land administrative accountability for farmland protection＇ s short-term effects across Jiangsu are obvious. According to the forecast results of the development plan, marginal investment in fixed assets, and illegal arable land occupation, farmland protection in Jiangsu remains grim over the next few years. Therefore, several suggestions to strengthen land administration accountability and speed up the upgrade of industrial structure are discussed.