氮磷钾与钼锌锰配施对豌豆长势及根腐病的影响

Effects of N, P, K, Mo, Zn and Mn Fertilizers on the Growth Vigour and Root Rot Disease Index of Pea

豌豆是甘肃中部干旱地区重要的轮作、粮食和饲料作物。近年来豌豆根腐病危害逐渐加重,致使豌豆产量遭受严重损失。本文是在黄绵土上就氮磷钾肥与钼锌锰肥配合施用对豌豆长势及根腐病发病程度的影响进行了试验研究。结果表明,在缺磷、少氮、富钾的黄绵土上单施磷肥或重施磷肥,配合少量氮肥对豌豆长势及豌豆根腐病发病程度的减轻具有良好作用,在农肥配合施磷及氮磷基础上配合施用微量元素Mo,Zn,Mn肥时,以Zn的作用最好,Mo次之。由于氮、磷、钾配施能减轻豌豆根腐病危害,所以目前应多施草木灰、堆肥等富含速效钾的肥料。

The pea is an important rotation food and a forage crop in the central arid region of Gansu. In recent years, the root rot disease of pea is so serious as to decrease the pea yield greatly. This article dealt with the effects of N, P, K, Mo, Zn and Mn fertilizers on the growth vigour and root rot disease index of pea in the cultivated loessal soil which lacks in P but contains a small amount of N and abundant K. The field experiments indicated that the application of P only or enough P coordinated with a few amount of N fertilizer could increase the growth vigour and decrease the root rot disease index of pea. Zn was the most effective fertilizer and Mo the second when Mo, Zn and Mn fertilizers were used respectively after the base-fertilizer application of N, P and organic fertilizer. Because the use of N, P, and K can decrease the root rot disease index of pea, more plant ash and compost contained abundant available K must be used.