不同耕层构造对土壤硬度和含水量的影响

Effects of Different Tillage Layer Structures on Soil Compaction and Soil Water Content

在吉林省中部黑土区通过构造不同类型耕层,探讨不同耕层构造对土壤硬度和含水量的影响。结果表明,各处理土壤硬度0～20 cm波动较大,21～45 cm趋于平缓。各处理平均值比较,垄作苗紧行紧土壤最紧实,其次是平作苗紧行紧和传统耕作方式(P<0.05)。土壤含水量随土壤深度的增加呈先增加后降低的趋势,0～30 cm呈增加趋势变化,31～60 cm呈降低趋势。苗紧行松处理含水量在土壤各深度均高于传统耕法,处理间差异达到显著水平(P<0.05)。苗紧行松耕作有效降低土壤硬度,提高土壤含水量,土壤结构改善,耕层土壤水气协调。

The experiments were designed in the middle black soil zone of Jilin province. The results showed that the difference of soil compaction of different treats were significant from 0 to 20 cm in profile of soil. The difference of treatments was not significant from 21 cm to 45 cm. Through comparison of different treatments with the average of soil compaction from 0 to 45 cm, soil compaction of MJHJ with ridge was most hardness, MJHJ with plain and conventional tillage were secondary. Soil water content was increased with depth from 0 to 30 cm, but it was decreased with depth from 31 cm to 60 cm. The soil water content of MJHS was higher than conventional tillage at every depth of soil layer from 0 to 60 cm, the difference was significant（P〈0.05）. So, MJHS tillage could decrease soil compaction, increase soil water content, improve soil structure, moderate water and air in the soil.