甘肃河西走廊甜菜象虫种类分布及防治研究

Investigation on the Species Distribution of Sugar Beet Weevils and Its Control in Hexi Corridor, Gansu Province

据1986～1989年的调查研究,甘肃河西走廊危害甜菜的象虫种类有:甜菜象,甜菜毛足象,甜菜碗额象,粉红锥喙象,黄褐纤毛象,黑斜纹象,欧洲方喙象等19种。其中以甜菜象和甜菜毛足象为优势种,已成为甜菜生产上的重要害虫。药剂处理种子防治甜菜象虫的试验结果表明:用35％甲基硫环磷乳油、种子和水以2.2～3.0:100:100的配方处理甜菜种子的防治效果较佳,其毒苗杀虫率达90.0～92.0％,且残效期较长,田间保苗率达83.5～92.5％,挽回甜菜块根产量损失29.7～39.1％。此项措施在生产示范和推广应用中也取得了显著的防治效果。

According to the investigation in the sugar beet growing districts of Hexi Corridor in Gansu Province in 1986～1989, 19 species of sugar beet weevils were found. They were Bothynoderes punctiventris Germar, Pacephorus umbratus Faldermann, Gronops sp. conorrhynchus decliuis Olivier, Cleonus piger Scopoli and so on. Among them Bothynoderes punctiventris Germar, phacephorus umbratus Faldermann were predominant species in sugar beet cultivation area, and they were the most harmful pests to injure sugar beet at its seeding stage. The results of insecticide control experiment showed that seeds treated with 35% methylcyolane emulsion seemed to be an effective measure to prevent and control sugar beet weevils. The ratio of eliminating sugar beet weevils on poison seedling was 90.0～92.0% and the carry-over lasted for a long time. The establishment rate of seedling was 83.5～92.5%, the root tuber yield could be retrieved about 29.7～39.1%. The effectiveness of controlling was also significant in the production demonstration and field practice.