黄褐丽金龟的生物学特性研究

Studies on the Bionomics of Anomala exoleta Faldermann

本文对黄褐丽金龟Anomala exoleta Faldermann的生活史,习性和发生规律进行了系统研究。经1981～1986年田间调查和室内饲养观察得知,此虫在甘肃古浪地区二年发生一代,以当年2龄和上年3龄幼虫在土中越冬。越冬之3龄幼虫于5月下旬至6月上旬进入化蛹盛期。蛹期平均21.5天。6月中旬至7月下旬为成虫羽化期。田间产卵盛期为7月上、中旬。卵期平均20.2天。成虫有伪死性及较强的趋光性。成虫寿命6～25天。幼虫共3龄,幼虫期长达659.5天。幼虫在土内全年均可见到,当年幼虫与上年幼虫重叠发生。土壤温度主要影响幼虫在土层中的栖息深度与升降活动。不同质地之土壤,以粉沙壤土或沙壤土适宜于其发生和分布。不同前茬作物的地块,土内幼虫密度亦有差异。

The life cycle, habit and occurrence of Anomala exoleta Fald. were studied in Gulang county, Gansu province from 1981 to 1986. The insect had one generation every two years and overwintered as larvae of the second and third instars in the soil. The maximum pupation of the third instars occurred from the last decade of May to the first decade of June. The average pupal stage was 21.5 days. Adults merged from the middle decade of June to the last decade of July. The eggs laying peak in the field occurred from the first decade to the middle decade of July. The average egg stage was 20.2 days. The adult had a habit of feigning death and stronger phototaxy. It could live for 6～25 days, The larval stage possessed three instars. The total larval stage lasted for 659.5 days. The larvae were found in the soil all year around and larvae in the current and last year were concurrent. The vertical distribution of larvae in the soil was affected by soil temperature. The favourable soil texture for the occurrence and distribution of larvae was fine sandy loam or sand soil. The density of larvae in the soil varied with the previous crops.