“旁观者”的现代生产及其超越

Bystanders' Modern Production and Sublimation

旁观行为,表面上看是对他人苦难的漠视,实际上否定的是人的"共存"本性。它有三个主要特征:道德上的"恶"行,与受害者、作恶者之间陌生"他者"关系,对道德责任的否认。冷漠"旁观者"现代生产的原因是复杂的,包括"理性经济人"爱心的缺失、陌生人社会的道德"钝化"、技术主义时代的"责任漂流"等。我们应该通过构建公正的道德回报机制、推进现代公民意识教育、强化"道德自我"的限制与反省功能等多种方式,有效防止"旁观"病毒的蔓延。

The behavior of ＂by - stand＂ is ostensibly to ignore others＇ suffering, but actually to deny human ＂coexistence＂ essence. It has three main festures ： morally ＂evil＂ behavior, strange ＂the other＂ relationship with vic- tims and perpetrator, denial of moral responsibility. The reasons of indifferent bystanders＇ appearance in modem so- ciety are complex, which includes the lack of love caused by ＂rational economic man＂, moral passivation in stranger society and liability drifting in technological epoch, etc. We should avoid the spreading of virus of ＂by - stand＂ by setting up just moral repayment mechanism, promoting modem civic awareness education, and strengthening the ＂moral self＂ restriction and reflection function.