基于GIS的2010年中国人口分布与耕地利用状况研究

Research of Chinese Population Distribution and Cultivated Land Utilization Status in 2010 Based on Technique of GIS

根据2010年全国分县行政区划电子地图、第六次人口普查结果等数据,运用地理信息系统和理论性演绎分析等手段分析中国人口分布、流动趋势与耕地利用情况.结果表明,2010年中国人口分布特点为东密西疏,东南部人口密中有疏,西北部人口疏中有密,人口分布格局没有明显变化,人口集中程度高;2000 ～2010年全国人均耕地面积由0.103 hm2/人下降到0.091 hm2/人,耕地利用率下降,同时不同海拔阶梯地区农业生产效率不同,第二阶梯最高,第三阶梯最低;人均耕地面积的减少使得人口压力增加,第三阶梯人口压力明显高于第一、二阶梯,在农业生产效率提高的因素下第三阶梯地区人口会向较低人口压力的第一、二阶梯地区流动,即中国东南半壁范围向西北方向扩散.

According to 2010 national county administrative zoning map and the results of the sixth national census,using geographic information system and theoretical deduction,Chinese population distribution,flow.trend and the farmland utilization were analyzed.The results showed that the characteristics of Chinese 2010-year population distribution is that east area is dense while west area is sparse,there are sparse areas in southeast dense areas and there are also dense areas in northwest sparse areas,the population distribution pattern did not have obvious changes,the degree of population concentration was high.The agricultural acreage per capita of whole China decreased from 0.103 hm2 per capita to 0.091 hm2 per capita in decennium,the capacity factor of farmland descended,at the same time agricultural production efficiency in different elevation steps is also different,in which the second elevation step was the highest while the third elevation step was the lowest.The reduce of agricultural acreage per capita means the increase of population pressure,the population pressure of the third elevation step exceeded the population pressure of first and second elevation steps obviously,but under the factor of agricultural production efficiency increase the populations of third elevation may flow to first and second elevation steps which had less population pressure,in other word the boundary of east area may diffuse towards the west area.