不同灌溉制度对机采棉水分运移、产量及品质的影响

Effect of different irrigation regimes to the soil water transport,yield and quality of cotton by machine-picking

通过2012年南疆地区机采棉膜下滴灌大田试验，以蒸发量为灌水控制指标，研究了灌水频率和灌水量对土壤水分及棉花产量和品质的影响，进而分析了不同灌溉制度的节水、增产和调质效果。结果表明：相同灌溉频率下，土壤剖面上含水率随着灌水量的增加而增加；相同灌溉量下，灌水频率为5 d时在膜下0～60 cm土层的平均土壤含水率较高；不同灌溉制度对棉花水分利用效率和灌溉水利用效率的影响具有显著差异，当灌水频率为5d和作物-蒸发皿系数为0．6时，棉花的水分利用效率和灌溉水利用效率分别达到1．96 kg·m-3和3．08 kg·m-3，可实现棉花生产的节水、高产和优质。

Through the field experiment of drip irrigation under film mulch of cotton by machine-picking in southern Xinjiang in 2012,taking the evaporation as for the irrigation control index,has researched the influences of irrigation fre-quency and irrigation quota to the soil moisture,cotton yield and quality,and then analyzed the effects of water saving, yield increasing and quality adjusting by different irrigation regime .The results shown that：Under the same irrigation frequency,the soil water content increased with the increase of irrigation amount;Under the same irrigation amount, when irrigated frequency was 5 days,the average soil moisture content in soil layer of 0~60 cm under film mulch was higher;Effect of different cotton irrigation regimes on both water use efficiency and irrigation water use efficiency have significant difference .When the irrigated frequency was 5 days and crop-evaporation pan coefficient was 0 .6,the water use efficiency and irrigation water use efficiency of cotton were reached 1.96 kg·m-3 and 3.08 kg·m-3,respectively. The cotton production goals of water saving,high yield and high quality can be achieved .