几件西沙华光礁I号沉船遗址出水瓷器的保护研究

Conservation study on pieces of marine porcelain found at the Hua Guang Jiao No.1 shipwreck site in Xisha

为了对8件西沙华光礁I号沉船遗址出水瓷器进行表面凝结物去除、脱盐清洗和残缺补全等保护处理,采用X射线衍射(XRD),对瓷器表面凝结物进行了成分分析;用三维视频显微镜对瓷器进行脱盐前、后的显微照相对比;对瓷器表面微孔内的物质,用扫描电镜分析(SEM)方法进行成分检测;用电导率仪测量瓷器脱盐过程中电导率变化情况。结果表明,出水瓷器表面凝结物,容易机械去除的样品,其成分主要是镁方解石及文石;不容易机械去除的样品,其成分主要是锰白云石及文石。瓷器微孔内的白色物质为含氯盐分。经两周时间的脱盐清洗,出水瓷器的脱盐电导率值降至较低水平。本工作结果可为西沙海域出水瓷器的后续保护提供资料。

Eight pieces of marine porcelain found at the Hua Guang Jiao No. 1 shipwreck site at Xisha were conserved by removing surface concretion, desahing and filling of spaces between fragments. The surface coating was analyzed by X - ray Diffraction （XRD） , and the porcelain surface was compared before and after being desal- ted using three - dimensional visual microscopy. The contents of micropores on the surface were determined by using scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and variations in conductivity from the desahing process were measured using a conductivity meter. The results indicate that concretion coating that is easily removed by mechanical meth- ods is magnesium calcite and aragonite, the part that is hard to remove was kutnahorite and aragonite. The white substance deposited in the micropores is a salt containing fluorine. After two weeks of desahing, the conductivity in the porcelain declined to a low level. This research provides information relavant to future conservation of porcelain excavated from the Xisha sea area.