GIS支持下的古窑址与地理环境关系研究——以福建省为例

Relationship between ancient kilns in Fujian and their geographic environments based on GIS data

为了研究福建省古窑址的分布和演变,以福建省南朝至宋元时期窑址分布为例,建立了古窑址分布地理信息系统,运用GIS的空间叠置、缓冲区、坡度和高程模型等分析方法,分析了古窑址与地理环境之间的关系。结果表明:从南朝至宋元时期福建省窑址发展经历了从起步到发展再到鼎盛的整个过程;各个时期窑址发展情况不一,侧重点不同;水源、坡度和高程是古人选择窑址时考虑的重要地理环境因素;古窑址大部分分布在距河流4千米以内,坡度小于15度,海拔400米以下区域。此外,GIS技术具有传统考古学无法比拟的优势,为考古学研究提供了一种重要参考方法。

This paper establishes a geographic information system （GIS） for kiln site distribution, using kilns in Fujian dated from the Southern Dynasties to Song and Yuan Dynasties as examples. The distribution and evolution of ancient kilns in Fujian were listed and analyzed with regard to their relationship with their geographical factors such as superimposed space, buffer, slope, slope exposure, and etc. This analysis shows that the porcelain industry in Fujian went through a developmental process. The selection of kiln sites depended on the state of development in each period, with access to water, slope and altitude being the most important factors. Most kiln sites were found to be within 4000 meters of the river, on slopes of less than 15 degrees, and at an altitude below 400 meters. GIS technology has important advantages over traditional methods of archaeological study.