美洲大蠊提取物对实验性肝纤维化大鼠的保护作用

Protective Effects of Extract of Periplaneta Americana on Liver Fibrosis in Rats

目的探讨美洲大蠊提取物对肝纤维化大鼠的保护作用。方法SD大鼠分为正常对照组(C组)、模型组(M组)、美洲大蠊提取物1组(APA1组)、美洲大蠊提取物2组(APA2组)及还原型谷胱甘肽组(R组)。除正常对照组外,其余4组以40%四氯化碳-橄榄油溶液制备肝纤维化模型,造模同时给予药物干预,于造模7周(C组、M组、APA1组、R组)、9周(APA2组)分2批处死大鼠,评价各组大鼠转氨酶、白蛋白、透明质酸、层连蛋白、肝细胞形态、纤维组织增生及Bax、Bcl-2表达的情况。结果M组大鼠营养状况差,转氨酶、透明质酸、层连蛋白明显升高,血白蛋白显著低于正常,肝细胞广泛坏死,伴有明显纤维组织增生,并形成肝硬化。APA 1组、APA 2组及R组大鼠转氨酶、透明质酸、层连蛋白明显低于模型组,血清白蛋白高于模型组(P<0.05),肝组织肝小叶形态完整,无明显纤维组织增生,中央静脉区肝组织中Bcl-2/Bax比值高于模型组(P<0.05),而汇管区Bcl-2/Bax比值低于模型组(P<0.05)。APA1组大鼠体质量及白蛋白水平高于R组(P<0.05),转氨酶水平略高于R组,肝细胞变性较R组多见。结论美洲大蠊提取物具有保护肝细胞、抑制肝纤维化的作用,对改善肝纤维化大鼠营养状况及调节细胞凋亡具有一定作用。

Objective To investigate the protective effects of extract of Periplaneta americana （APA） against carbon tetrachloride （CCl4）-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats. Methods Seventy SD rats were divided into five groups：normal con-trol group （C）, model control group （M）, extract of APA 1 group （APA1）, extract of APA 2 group （APA2） and reduced glutathi-one group （R）. The liver fibrosis model was induced by injecting 40%CCl4-olive solution subcutaneously for seven weeks in M, APA1, APA 2 and R groups. Drugs were given at the same time. Rats were killed at 7-week （C, M, APA1 and R groups）, and were killed at 9-week （APA2 group）. The serum values of transaminase （ALT, AST）, albumin （ALB）, hyaluronic acid （HA） and laminin （LN）, and hepatic inflammation and fibrosis were detected respectively. The expressions of apoptotic relat-ed gene Bcl-2 and Bax protein in central veins and portal areas of hepatic lobules were detected by immunohistochemical method. Results Rats showed poor nutritional status, and significantly increased transaminase, HA and LN in M group, but the serum level of ALB was significantly lower than that in C group. There was extensive necrosis of liver cells, obviously fi-brosis or cirrhosis in model rats’liver tissues. The serum contents of ALT, AST, HA and LN were significantly decreased, the serum level of ALB were significantly increased in APA1,APA2 and R groups （P〈0.05）. There were complete hepatic lobule and no obvious fibrous tissue hyperplasia in liver biopsy of APA1 and R groups. The values of Bcl-2/Bax proteins in central vein of liver tissues were significantly higher in APA1,APA2 and R groups than those of M group （P〈0.05）, but the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax was lower in periportal area of liver tissues （P〈0.05）. There were significantly higher body weight and ALB levels in APA1 group than those in R group （P〈0.05）. The level of transaminase was slightly higher in APA1 group than that of R group. The degeneration of liver cells was found mostly in R group. Conclusion The extract of Periplaneta americana has a role in protecting liver cells, inhibiting the progression of hepatic fibrosis, and improving the nutritional sta-tus of trial rats.