协同致死筛选技术及其在肿瘤相关领域研究中的应用和进展

Synthetic lethal screen and its use in cancer related research

最近10年协同致死筛选技术被成功应用到肿瘤相关领域的研究,成为揭示肿瘤相关基因与其他基因相互作用的有力手段。本文介绍了协同致死筛选的技术以及其在肿瘤相关领域研究中的应用和研究进展。研究发现了大量与常见癌基因如RAS、多聚ADP核糖聚合基因、MYC或抑癌基因P53、张力蛋白同源基因存在协同致死关系的基因,筛选还发现了化疗药物如紫杉醇、长春新碱和拓扑替康等的增敏基因。这些研究为揭示肿瘤耐药、复发机制提供了线索,为靶向抗肿瘤药物的联合应用提供了依据。本文综述了目前相对成熟的协同致死筛选的几种不同的技术方法,以及该技术用于抗肿瘤药物研发的研究进展。

Synthetic lethal screen technology has been successfully introduced into the field of cancer research, and stands as a powerful method to reveal gene interactions for cancer related genes. The composition of the technology and its significant achievements in cancer related field are introduced here. Researches revealed a number of synthetic lethal genes for oncogene RAS, poly （ADP ribose） polymerase, MYC or tumor suppressor gene/：63 and phosphatase and ten- sin homoLog. Chemosensitizer genes for cytotoxic drugs such as paclitaxe｜ and vinb｜astine were also reported. These re- searches provide to the mechanism of drug resistance and tumor recurrence, while promoting developments of molecular targeted agents combination therapy for cancer.