DNA疫苗在呼吸道变应性疾病中的研究及展望

Recent advances in DNA vaccines against allergic airway disease:a review

近几十年，变应性鼻炎及哮喘的患病率急剧增高，极大地影响了患者的生活质量，并给患者和社会增加了巨大的经济负担。目前该类疾病的治疗仍以抗组胺、糖皮质激素等药物治疗为主，变应原提取蛋白特异性免疫治疗虽已得到逐渐认可和大力推广，但其疗效有时不稳定，在标准化、安全性及依从性等问题上常被质疑和诟病。

Summary DNA vaccine is used in infectious diseases initially, and later is applied in neoplastic diseases, allergic diseases and other fields with the further understanding of DNA vaccine and the development of genetic engi- neering. DNA vaccine transfers the genes encoding exogenous antigens to plasmid vector and then is introduced in- to organism. It controls the antigen proteins synthesis, thus induces specific humoral and cellular immune respon- ses. So it has a broad application prospect in allergic diseases. Compared with the traditional protein vaccines used in specific immunotherapy, DNA vaccine has many advantages, including high purity and specificity, and improv- ment of patients＂ compliance etc. However, there are still two unsolved problems. First, the transfection rate of unmodified naked DNA plasmid is not high, Second, it＇s difficult to induce ideal immune response. In this study, we will review the progress of DNA vaccine applications in respiratory allergic diseases and its various optimization strategies.