耳鼻喉外科术后感染发生的相关因素分析

Relative factors analysis on postoperative infection in patients with ear-nose-throat surgery

目的 分析耳鼻喉外科术后感染发生的相关因素.方法 选择2011年1月～2012年12月浙江省缙云县人民医院耳鼻喉科行手术治疗的患者191例,统计患者术后感染的发生率,分析患者术后感染在年龄、性别、病原菌种类、感染并发症部位、住院时间、手术持续时间、抗生素使用情况等因素中的分布情况;采用多因素分析Logistic回归分析术后感染发生的相关因素.结果 191例患者术后感染发生率为4.18％（8/191）.耳鼻喉科术后感染发生率在住院时间、手术时间、抗生素使用情况等因素间比较,差异均有统计学意义（均P＜ 0.05）;在年龄、性别、病原菌种类、感染并发部位等因素间进行比较,差异无统计学意义（均P＞ 0.05）.Logistic回归分析表明,感染并发症部位（OR=2.108,P＜0.05）、住院时间（OR=6.216,P＜0.05）、手术时间（OR=5.485,P＜ 0.05）、预防性使用抗生素（OR=1.470,P＜0.05）与术后感染发生相关（P＜0.05）.结论 耳鼻喉外科术后感染发生与多种危险因素相关,采取相应治疗措施可减少术后感染的发生率.

Objective To analyze relative factors on postoperative infection in patients with ear-nose-throat surgery.Methods 191 patients with ear-nose-throat surgery in xxxxxxx Hospital from January 2011 to December 2012 were selected; postoperative infection occurrence rate was observed; the distributed situation of occurrence rate of postoperative infection in the elements of age,gender,pathogenic bacteria species,infection complications parts,hospital stays,operation duration,the usage of antibiotics were analyzed; Logistic regression was used to take the multiple-factor analysis.Results Occurrence rate of postoperative infection in 191 patients was 4.18％ （8/191）.The differences of occurrence rates of postoperative infection in the elements of hospital stays,operation duration,the usage of antibiotics were all statistically significant （P ＜ 0.05）; the difference of occurrence rate of postoperative infection in the elements of age,gender,pathogenic bacteria species,infection complications parts were not statistically significant （P ＞ 0.05）.Infection complications parts （OR =2.108,P ＜ 0.05）,hospital stays （OR =6.216,P ＜ 0.05）,operation duration （OR =5.485,P ＜ 0.05）,the prophylactic usage of antibiotics （OR =1.470,P＜ 0.05） were found to have correlation with occurrence rate of postoperative infection,the differences were statistically significant （P ＜ 0.05） according to the results of Logistic regression analysis.Conclusion Ear-nose-throat surgery postoperative infection have variety of risk factors,it is right to take corresponding treatment measures to reduce occurrence rate of postoperative infection.