225例药品不良反应病例的相关因素分析

Analysis of Relevant Factors in 225 Cases of Adverse Drug Reaction

目的：分析昆山市中医医院药品不良反应（ADR）病例的一般情况和特点,为临床用药提供参考和依据.方法：对2012年1-12月间上报于国家药品不良反应监测中心网络平台的225例ADR报告中相关因素进行统计与分析.结果：225例ADR报告的病例中,其年龄段在40～49岁和20～29岁之间发生ADR例数为最多,静脉给药（89.58％）是引发ADR主要给药途径,涉及14种类83种药品;抗感染药物导致ADR例数为最多（53.58％）,其中头孢菌素的发生率为最高;其临床表现以皮肤及其附件损害为主（66.14％）.结论：加强对中青年患者的用药监测和静脉药物的用药监护,合理使用抗感染药物,严格中药注射剂的用药指征;加强ADR宣传和监测工作,保障临床用药安全.

Objective：To analyze the general situation and characteristics of adverse drug reactions（ADR） in Kunshan Hospital of CTM and to provide the reference and basis for the clinical drug use. Methods：To gather statistics and analyze the 225 cases of ADR report,which were reported in national adverse drug reactions monitor network from January to December in 2012. Rseults：In the 225 cases of ADR report, 40~49 years old and 20~29 years old are the two age groups in which the incidence of ADR is the highest. Intravenous administration（89.58%） is the main route of administration causing ADR. The drugs Involved 14 categories and 83 kinds of them. Anti-infective drugs（53.58%） caused the highest proportion of ADR. Among the Anti-infective drugs, cephalosporin causes the highest proportion; the Damage of the skin and its appendages（66.14%） is the main clinical manifestation. Conclusion：We should strengthen the medication monitoring for the young and middle-aged patients. For the intravenous drug use, anti-infective drug should be used reasonably, indications in the use of traditional Chinese medicine injection should be controlled strictly. Publicity should be strengthened and ADR should be monitored so as to guarantee the safety of clinical drug use.