水力除焦检测系统的研究

The Research on Detection System for Hydraulic Decoking

水力除焦是延迟焦化工艺中广泛采用的除焦方法,目前存在的问题是要依靠操作人员不断观察塔底部溜槽中的焦炭水,根据经验判断焦炭塔内的焦炭切除状态,劳动强度大,且判别结果常常受到操作条件、天气、夜晚等诸多因素的影响。本文中根据除焦前后焦炭塔塔壁振动强度不同的现象,提出了一套通过传感器检测塔壁振动情况,并通过计算机分析其振幅和频率大小变化从而判断除焦工作是否完毕的自动检测方案,同时还通过labVIEW编程制作了人机界面将水力除焦的全部过程进行了实时的显示。试验表明:水力除焦工作前后焦炭塔的振幅差别可达100倍,而频率在除焦前后分别集中于400 Hz和1 200 Hz,此测试系统可有效检测水力除焦工作是否完毕并可将工作全过程加以显示。

Hydraulic decoking is a decoking method widely used in delayed coking process. But generally in the hydraulic decoking process, operators need to determine the decoking state according to observation constantly for the coke water from the bottom of tower in the chute and work experience. Because of the operating conditions, weather, night and many other factors, operators are sometimes unable to accurately observe and judge the decoking state. In this paper, an automatic detection project is put forward to detect the decoking situation automatically based on the fact that the vibration strengths such as the amplitude and the frequency of the tower wall vibration sig- nal are different during the whole decoking process. Also a human-computer interface is made by LabVIEW to show the decoking process on real-time. The test result shows that： the amplitude change of the vibration signal on the tower can reach 100 times during and after the decoking. The frequencies of the signal are mainly located at 400 Hz and 1 200 Hz during and after the decoking respectively. The detection system can detect whether the decoking work finished or not effectively and it can show the process on human-computer interface.