贵阳城区儿童少年行为问题与家庭背景研究

The Study of Behavior Problem and Family Background of Children in Guiyang City

为了解贵阳城区儿童少年行为问题的现状和行为问题儿童少年与家庭因素的关系 ,用Achenbach’s儿童行为量表及儿童发展相关因素问卷对贵阳城区 1365名 6～ 16岁儿童青少年进行调查 ,就调查结果进行了现状分析及相关因素的单元和多元比较。结果表明 :检出有行为问题的儿童少年 2 0 7名 ,检出率 ( 15 16± 0 72 ) % ,高于全国调查结果 ,差异有显著性P <0 0 5)。中学组检出率高于小学组 ,差异不明显 ,与其他城市及全国相比差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5)。性别差异不明显。检出率较高的因子是忧郁、社会退缩、多动、攻击等。影响儿童少年行为问题的家庭因素依次是 :家庭对孩子心理健康的重视程度、母亲文化、家庭经济收入、家长对子女心理健康的认识、父母婚姻状况等。提示 :贵阳城区儿童少年行为问题的检出率高于全国水平 ,高年龄组尤为突出。家庭环境是影响儿童少年行为发展的重要因素。

To know the present situation of children and teen-agers behavior in Guiyang city and tentatively study the relationship between their behavior problem and the family factors,the behavior and development of 1 365 children and teen-agers whose age was 6～16 years old were investigated by means of Achenbach's children questionnaire of children related development factors.The result was compared by using one-way and multiple analysis of present situation and related factors.Two hurdred and seven of children and teen-agers had behavior problem and the incidence was 15.16%.Compared with that of the students in elementary school (whose age was 6～11 years old),the incidence of behavior problem in elementary school students (12～16 years old)was higher and the difference was significant.The orders of family factors influencing the children's behavior problem were as follows:the degree of a family paying attention to children's psychological health,mother's educational level,the family's income,the parents. recognition for psychological health of children and the marriage situation of their parents. The results suggest that the incidence of behavior problem of children in Guiyang city is higher than that of whole country.It was more obvious in the students in secondary school and indicates that the family background is an important factor which influences the behavior development of children and teen-agers.