政府信息公开保密审查研究综述

Overview on the Research of Security Censorship on Government Information Disclosure

政府信息公开是实现政治民主化、政府行为透明化,保障公民知情权的最有效方法,我国于2008年5月1日正式实施《中华人民共和国政府信息公开条例》,开启了我国政府信息公开制度建设的里程碑。但在四年多的实施过程中,其在立法层面和制度层面存在的缺陷和不足也日益凸显,如何合理确定信息公开与保密的界限,在最大程度公开政府信息的同时,也保障国家、集体和个人的合法权益,这成为政府信息公开制度建设中的最大难题。政府信息公开保密审查是对拟公开的信息是否损害国家利益或侵犯公民、法人或其他组织的合法权益进行审视、检查和判定,以决定是否公开该信息的一种制度,是政府信息公开建设的核心制度。基于此,本文通过文献调研的方式对政府信息公开保密审查的概念、历史渊源、研究综述进行较为系统的研究和思考,旨在对国内外的研究状况予以综览。

The disclosure of government information is the effective method to realize the political democra- cy,government transparency and safeguarding of citizens＂ right to know. On May 1,2008,our country car- ried out formally the Regulations of the People＇s Republic of China on Open Government Information which became the landmark of Open Government. But in the four years of the implementation process,the defects and shortcomings from the perspective of legislative and system level have become increasingly prominent. The most difficult problem is how to reasonably determine the limits between disclosure and secrecy,to the maximum extent of disclosing government information,and meanwhile safeguarding the legal rights of the state,the organizations and individuals. Censorship on the government information is meant to inspect,judge and determine the information to be disclosed whether damaging the legitimate rights and interests of the state,organizations and individuals,which is the core of construction of government information disclosure system. Based on the above,this article makes a systematic study and thought on the concept,historical ori- gin,research status of the topic secrecy censorship on government information disclosure,aiming at the overview at home and abroad.