外来入侵植物黄顶菊花中叶黄素的提取研究

A study on the lutein extraction from the invasive Flaveria bidentis(L.)Kuntze flowers

为明确黄顶菊花中叶黄素的含量及最佳提取方法,经过溶剂筛选,采用石油醚∶无水乙醇=5∶1为提取溶剂,分别在震荡提取、超声波提取和微波提取3种条件下得到叶黄素酯粗品,然后经皂化处理得到叶黄素粗品。用高效液相色谱法进行检测以确定黄顶菊花中叶黄素的含量。结果表明:微波提取效率最高,用高效液相色谱法检测显示叶黄素粗品中叶黄素的含量为83.16%,从而计算出黄顶菊花中叶黄素的含量为8.291mg/100g。该研究为防控外来入侵植物黄顶菊提供了新的方法,同时丰富了我国叶黄素资源,降低了叶黄素的生产成本。

Flaveria bidentis （L.） Kuntze is an important invasive plant with many bright yellow flowers and long flowering period. It has not been reported about lutein extraction from the flowers of Flaveria bidentis （L.） Kuntze. To clarify the best extraction method and the a-mount of lutein in the plant, this study obtained the crude lutein esters using petroleum ether ： ethanol = 5 ： 1 after screening solvent and the extraction methods were shock extraction, ul-trasonic extraction and microwave extraction. Then the crude lutein was obtained by saponifi-cation. The amount of lutein in the flowers of the plant was detected by HPLC. The results showed that microwave extraction had the highest efficiency, and the percentage of pure lutein in the crude was 83.16%. Thus, it was calculated that the content of lutein in the flowers was 8. 291mg/100g. This study provides a new method to control Flaveria bidentis （L.） Kuntze, togetherwith to enrich lutein resource and reduce the cost of lutein production.