宁都县某中心小学甲型H1N1流感疫情的调查分析

Investigation and analysis of epidemic of H1N1 influenza A in a central primary school in Ningdu county

目的分析此次学校甲型H1N1流感疫情的流行病学特征和控制措施,为制订学校甲型H1N1流感的预防控制措施提供依据。方法采用现场流行病学调查方法分析甲型H1N1流感疫情的流行病学特征。运用RTPCR方法检测流感病毒核酸。结果本起疫情历时11 d,全校累计发生流感样病例67例,罹患率为5.58%,实验室检查确诊5例,男生、女生性别比为1.31∶1,主要临床症状为发热、咳嗽、咽痛、头痛;采集鼻咽拭子5份,均为甲型H1N1流感病毒核酸阳性。结论此为一起由甲型H1N1流感病毒引起的学校流感暴发疫情;流行季节前应开展流感疫苗应急接种,建立完善的联防联控机制,加强宣传培训,落实预防控制措施,是做好学校传染病暴发疫情控制的关键。

Objective To analyze the epidemiologic characteristics and control measures of H1N1 influenza A in a central primary school and to provide basis for school authority to establish its corresponding prevention and control measures. Methods The epidemiologic characteristics and control measures of H1N1 influenza A were analyzed by field epiderniological investigation.The reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR） was applied to de- tect nucleic acid of influenza virus. Results The epidemics lasted 11 days. The number of students suffering from in- fluenza-like illness was 67 cases in the whole school, and the attack rate was 5.58%.5 cases were definitely diagnosed by laboratory examination,the ratio of boy to girl was 1.31：l,and their main clinical symptoms were fever,cough,sore throat,and headache;5 nasopharyngeal swabs were used for collecting samples which were later proved to be positive nucleic acid of H1N1 influenza virus. Conclusion The epidemic outbreak in the school was caused by HIN1 influenza virus ;the key points to prevent and control outbreak of infectious diseases are as follows：carrying out emergency vacci- nation of Influenza vaccinebefore epidemic season, establishing mechanisms for joint prevention and control,strength- ening propaganda and training,and putting these measures into practice.