建立适合中国道路交通和市场需求的汽车低速碰撞评价体系

Building a vehicle low-speed crash evaluation system suiting the road and traffic conditions and the market demands of China

国际汽车低速碰撞试验评价体系的实施,在一定程度上减少了交通事故,对汽车营销、汽车保险也有重要作用。该文分析了中国以及国际组织RCAR(汽车维修研究委员会)和美国的IIHS(道路安全保险研究所,一般称美国公路安全协会)有关汽车低速碰撞试验规范。结果表明:中国在制定低速碰撞试验规范时,缺少汽车交通事故发生时的道路交通情况、车型和品牌的记录等。因此有必要参照国际相关规定,建立适合中国情况的汽车低速碰撞评价体系。主要措施有:1)碰撞事故理赔时,要记录车型、品牌、碰撞形式、道路交通情况;2)依据这些记录,确定碰撞车速、角碰撞的重叠度和壁障高度等参数;3)开发该评价体系所需的软硬件设施。

The world-wide implementation of vehicle low-speed crash test system reduces traffic accidents, and plays an important role in automotive marketing and auto insurance. This paper analyzes the current situation of the vehicle low-speed crash test regulations of the Research Council for Automobile Repairs （the RCAR） and the American Insurance Institute for Highway Safety （the IIHS）, of China, and of the other countries Since there are no sufficient accident records of the traffic conditions, vehicle models and brands etc. in China, it is necessary to establish a vehicle low-speed crash test evaluation system suiting China＇s situation according to the regulations of other advanced countries. Some measures can be that： 1） recording vehicle makes and models, crash types, road conditions, and traffic conditions during accident compensation; 2） based on the records, determining key test parameters such as the crash speed, the overlap degree in a corner test, and the barrier height; 3） developing hardware and software facilities for the evaluation system.