Hybrid-Ⅲ50^(th)假人小腿受冲击位置和角度对腿部的伤害

Lower extremity injuries on a Hybrid- Ⅲ 50th dummy lower leg by impacted at different locations and angles

正面碰撞的安全性对车辆前期开发非常重要。为研究前排假人腿部受伤害的影响因素,对假人进行摆锤冲击试验。Hybrid-III 50th男性假人安放在标定台座椅上,用5 kg的摆锤,以2.75 m/s速度,冲击假人左腿膝部或小腿,测量了大腿受力F、膝部位移D、上小腿绕X、Y轴的弯矩MX和MY、轴向压缩力FZ,以及胫骨指数(TI)。结果表明:当假人小腿中心与地面的夹角α为76°值时,F、D、MY发生突变。因此,为减少对小腿的伤害,在做车辆人机工程时,在大腿力容许范围内,应尽量使小腿碰撞位置靠近膝部,并使角α小于76°。

Front impact safety is important to early develop vehicles. Pendulum impacts were performed on a dummy to investigate the influence factors to front-seated-dummy lower-leg injury. A Hybrid-Ⅲ 50th male dummy was seated on a chest calibration table. The dummy lower leg or knee was impacted by a 5-kg pendulum at 2.75 m/s. The upper-leg force F, the knee displacement D, the lower-leg-upper bending-moment Mx and My, the axial compression Fz, and the tibia-index （TI） during impacts were measured. The results show that the a of 76° is a special angle between the lower-leg center-line and horizontal ground, because the F, the D and My have abrupt changes when the impact occurres at 76°. Therefore, it will be considered that lower-leg impact-position should be close to the knee center with the upper-leg force within an accepted range at man-machine engineering design stage to reduce lower-leg injury. The angle a should be avoid being at the special angle of 76°.