转型经济体制下我国商业银行改革对银行效率的影响——来自1999～2010年的经验证据

The Impact of China's Commercial Bank Reform on Bank Efficiency in the Transitional Economy:The Empirical Evidence from 1999 to 2010

转型经济体制下我国商业银行改革及成果为研究银行改革效率提供了良好的背景素材和数据资源，本文使用SFA模型对我国商业银行1999—2010年改革过程中的成本效率和利润效率进行测度，分析了转型经济体制下我国商业银行改革的效率变化，并实证检验了改革的两项重要措施——战略引资和IPO对银行效率的影响。本文研究发现，随着改革的推进，我国商业银行的成本效率和利润效率呈波动上升趋势，国有商业银行的成本效率高于城市商业银行，而利润效率明显低于城市商业银行；在我国，战略引资和IPO都具有明显的“选择效应”，引入境外战略投资者降低了引资银行的效率，IPO在短期内提高了银行效率，在长期内却减损了银行效率。上述发现为我国商业银行改革及效率提升提供了经验证据。

Abstract ： China＇s commercial bank reform in the transitional economy provides a special background and data resource for the research. This paper estimates the cost and profit efficiencies of commercial banks from 1999 to 2010, using the SFA model. We analyze the change of bank efficiency in the transitional economy and examine the impact of strategic investors and IPOs on commercial bank efficiency. We find that the cost and profit effi- ciencies showed an upward trend. The cost efficiency of state - owned commercial banks is significantly higher than that of the city commercial banks, but the profit efficiency of state - owned commerciaJ banks is significant- ly lower than that of the city commercial banks. Our results indicate that both of the foreign investors and the IPOs have strong ＂selection effect＂. Foreign investors＇ involvement reduces domestic bank efficiency. In con- trast, IPOs improve bank efficiency in the short - term but reduce it in the long - term. Over results provide em- pirical evidence for China＇s commercial bank reform and efficiency improvement.