由《中国史纲》管窥张荫麟治学方略

View of Zhang Yinlin's Research Strategies from An Outline History of China

张荫麟先生自觉以新史观为指导写作通史,以新异性、实效、文化价值、训诲功用、现状渊源五个标准和因果、定向、演化、矛盾四个范畴选择和统贯东汉前的中国史实,融会前人研究和己身感悟,围绕中国黎明时期的大势、周代的封建社会、霸国与霸业、孔子及其时世、战国时代的政治与社会、战国时代的思潮、秦始皇与秦帝国、秦汉之际、大汉帝国的发展、汉初的学术与政治、改制与"革命"十一个主题,慎重安排所选史实的详略,以自身学养把繁杂深奥的历史资料化开,用讲故事的方式透彻叙述"社会的变迁、思想的贡献和若干重大人物的性格",才情洋溢而不恣肆。

Zhang Yinlin consciously used new history view when writing general history. He used the five standards of new oppo- site, effectiveness, cultural values, instruction function, and status origins, the four selection areas of causal, direction, evolu- tion, and contradiction, and the consistent facts before the Eastern Han Dynasty. He mixed previous studies and own sentiments, and around the eleven themes of the general trend during the dawn of China, Zhou feudal society, rogue and dominance coun- tries, Confucius.and its era, politics and society during the Warring States, thoughts during the Warring States, Qin Shi Huang and Qin Empire, Qin and Han transition, the development of the Han Empire, academy and politics in early Han, restructuring and ＂Revolution＂, the details of the selected facts were carefully arranged. He used his own knowledge to open up the complex history, and used storytelling style to provide thorough narrative on ＂social changes, idea contribution and a number of major characters＇ personalities,＂ reflecting brimming and unrestrained talent.