武威市结核病患者膳食多样化水平及营养素摄入状况调查(英文)

Investigation of Tuberculosis Patients' Food Diversification Levels and Nutrients Intake in Wuwei City

目的:了解武威市结核病(TB)患者膳食多样化水平及各类营养素摄入情况。方法:选取武威市结核患者826名,由统一培训的结核病防治科医生,进行面对面的问卷调查,应用食物频率表收集调查对象消费的食物种类;24小时膳食回顾法收集调查对象膳食营养素摄入情况。采用9大类食物评价膳食多样化,每周食用一种食物计1分,最多为9种食物计9分。结果:膳食多样化评分(DDS)结果显示,分值为7分及以上的人群达到了51.5%,其中得分7分的人群达到总人数的33.3%,有48.5%不足7分,即没有达到膳食多样化。鱼虾类和豆类消费率最低,分别仅为6.7%和44.3%。能量及营养素分析结果显示:结核病患者每日能量和蛋白质摄入量分别为1563.9 kcal和60.6 g,仅达到推荐摄入量(RNI)的65.16%和80.67%,除了铁、锰、磷元素的摄入量达到了RNI之外,其余维生素及矿物质每日摄入量均不足,尤以视黄醇(122.2μg)和钙(224.7 mg)最低,分别为RNI的15.28%和28.09%。膳食纤维、抗坏血酸和核黄素的摄入水平均不足RNI的50%。结论:武威市结核病患者膳食结构不均衡。建议积极改善营养、调整膳食结构,加强膳食营养相关知识的健康宣教,有效防治结核病。

Objective： To investigate the food diversification levels and nutrients intake of tuberculosis （TB） patients in Wuwei City. Methods： 826 patients with tuberculosis in Wuwei City were chosen, food types were detected by the investigation of dietary frequency, and the dietary intake was collected by the method of recall 24 h food intake. Food diversification levels with the method of 9 categories of food was evaluated. Get 1 point if one takes one kind of food in a week, one can never get more than 9 points. Results： Dietary Diversity Score （DDS） showed that there were 51.5% of TB patients get the scores between 7 to 9 points, in which 7 points in the group is 33.3% of the total number. There were 48.5% of group less than 7 points, which meant they did not meet dietary diversification. Types of food consumption showed that fish and shrimp, beans consumption were low, only 6.7% and 44.3%. Energy and nutrients analysis results showed that： tuberculosis patients daily energy and protein intakes were 1563.9 kcal and 60.6 g, only 65.16% and 80.67 % of the Recommended Nutrient Intakes （RNI）. Except Iron, Manganese and Phosphorus daily intakes reached the RNI, other vitamins and minerals were inadequate, especially Retinol （122.2 Ixg） and Calcium （224.7 rag）, only 15.28% and 28.09% of the RNI. The daily intake of Dietary Fiber, Ascorbic Acid and Riboflavin were less than 50% of the RNI. Conclusion： The dietary structure of TB patients in WuweiCity is not balanced. Suggest the TB patients to improve nutrition actively adjust the diet structure; strengthen the education of dietary nutrition and health knowledge, Prevent and treat of tuberculosis effectively.