2010～2012年甘肃省某县麻疹流行病学调查分析

Epidemiological analysis of measles in a county of Gansu Province from 2010 to 2012

目的分析2010～2012年甘肃省某县麻疹流行病学特征，为有效控制和消除麻疹提供依据。方法用Spss和Excel软件对2010．2012年该县麻疹发病资料进行描述流行病学分析。结果2010～2012年该县共报告麻疹病例99例，发病率36．92／10万，其中2010年报告68例，发病率78．98／10万，4—6月为发病高峰，城区和乡镇发病率差异无统计学意义（χ2=2．63，P〉0．05）；2011年报告31例，发病率34．06／10万，5—7月为发病高峰，城乡差异无统计学意义（χ2=2．06，P〉0．05），2010年和2011年麻疹发病率差异有统计学意义（v2=15．98，P〈0．01），2011年麻疹发病率低于2010年；2012年无麻疹病例报告。结论该县2010年和2011年麻疹发病率均明显高于其他地区，经麻疹强化免疫工作后，2012年未有麻疹病例报告，麻疹发病得到有效控制。

Objective To analyze epidemiological characteristics of measles in a county of Gansu Province from 2010 to 2012, to provide basis for effective control and elimination of measles. Methods Spss and Excel were taken to carry out descriptive epidemiological analysis of the data from 2010 to 2012. Results Totally 99 cases with measles were reported from 2010 to 2012, including 68 cases in 2010 with incidence rate of 78.98/100 000, and the epidemic peak from April to June, without significant difference in incidence rate between cities and towns （χ2=2.63, P〉0.05）; 31 measles cases in 2011 with the incidence rate of 34.06/100 000, and the epidemic peak from May to July, without significant difference in incidence rate between cities and towns （χ2=2.06, P〉0.05）. There was statistical difference in incidence rate between 2010 and 2011 （χ2= 15.98, P〈0.01）. The incidence rate was extremely lower in 2011 than in 2010. No case was reported in 2012. Conclusions The incidence rate of measles in 2010 and in 2011 is extremely higher in the county than in other areas. And there is no case reported in 2012 after the strengthened immunity work of measles. So the incidence of measles in the county is controlled effectively.