呼吸机相关性肺炎病原菌分布及干预措施研究

PREVALENCE ANALYSIS AND NURSING INTERVENTION WITH VENTILATORASSOCIATED PNEUMONIA IN INTENSIVE CARE UNIT

目的研究呼吸机相关性肺炎(VAP)病原菌的分布,探讨护理干预措施。方法通过细菌分离与鉴定技术,对某医院重症监护病房(ICU)住院VAP患者送检标本进行病原学检测与分析。结果共研究95例VAP患者痰液标本,检出病原菌84株,包括革兰阴性杆菌58例、革兰阳性球菌18例和真菌8例。检出病原菌种类居前四位的是大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、鲍曼不动杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌。实施护理干预措施的患者,其VAP发生率明显低于非干预组。结论 ICU内VAP患者痰液中病原菌主要为革兰阴性杆菌,实施护理干预措施,有助于降低VAP发生率。

Objective To analyze the pathogen prevalence and characteristics of Ventilator - Associated Pneumonia （VAP） in ICU, so as to exploring the nursing intervention measures. Methods The sputum culturing and bacterial identification methods were used to detect and analyze VAP patients in ICU of some hospital. Results Among sputum samplings of 95 VAP cases, 84 bacteria strains were detected which including 58 Gram - negative bacteria strains, 18 Gram - positive bacteria strains and 8 fungi strains . The top four pathogenic bacteria were Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Acineto- bacter baumannii and Staphylococcus aureus. The VAP incidence rate of nursing intervention group was significantly lower than that of non - intervention group. Conclusion The main pathogenic bacteria in sputum samplings of VAP patients is Gram - negative bacteria. The effective treatment and nursing intervention can shorten the time of ventilation and reduce the occurrence of VAP.