晚唐五代儒学颓势与文学审美转向

Declining Tendency of Confucianism in the Late Tang Dynasty and Five Dynasties and the Turn of Literary Aesthetics

晚唐五代儒学基本上处于凋敝状态,此期已无振兴儒学的关键人物,只有皮日休等少数几人略微可观。他们进行有限度的抗争,企图接续中唐文学运动余威,亦无助于扭转儒家道德诗学的颓势进程;相反,他们理论和实践判然有别,文道背离,逸出儒家伦常之外,沦入虚假与庸俗化境地。在毒手尊拳的时代景观里,此期的文学精神已由昂扬勃发退缩到个体一己之情感世界,反道缘情和骈俪艳美渐成主流美学取向,文学旨趣离儒家道德诗学观念渐行渐远,文学的审美转向势不可遏,因此他们的明道和诗教思想都已失去实际意义。

In the late Tang Dynasty and Five Dynasties,Confucianism was in a declining tendency,during which no influential scholars or poets appeared to restore Confucianism except the few like Pi Rixiu. Their limited effort to reverse the situation,in the hope to continue the remaining prestige and influence of the literary movement in the mid Tang Dynasty, was in vain. Instead, their theories were separated from the practice,falling in falsity and vulgar. Literary spirit at this time had flinched into individual e- motional world, with anti-moral sensation and gorgeous words being aesthetic fashion and literary purpose going far away from Confucianism. With the turn of literary aesthetics, their moral value and poetics were no more significant.