DON污染饲粮添加竹炭和竹醋液对断奶仔猪抗氧化性能及小肠黏膜形态的影响

Effects of adding bamboo charcoal and bamboo vinegar to DON contaminated diets on oxidation resistance and small intestinal morphology of weaned piglets

【目的】探讨脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON)污染饲粮添加竹炭和竹醋液对断奶仔猪抗氧化性能及小肠黏膜形态的影响。【方法】选用28头35日龄、平均体质量(12.10±1.12)kg/头的杜长大断奶仔猪,随机分为4个处理(基础饲粮(对照组)、基础饲粮+DON(DON组)、基础饲粮+DON+质量分数1.96%竹炭(竹炭组)、基础饲粮+DON+质量分数0.99%竹醋液(竹醋液组)),每处理7个重复,每个重复1头猪,试验期为37d。于试验第15,30和37天采血,分离血清,测定血清GSH-Px、CAT、SOD活性及T-AOC和MDA含量;试验结束时,取空肠和回肠样品,检测小肠绒毛高度、隐窝深度、淋巴细胞数和杯状细胞数。【结果】1)试验第15天,DON组MDA的含量显著高于对照组和竹炭组(P<0.05),竹炭、竹醋液组与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05)。试验第30天,DON组SOD的活性显著低于对照组(P<0.05),竹炭和竹醋液组与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05)。试验第37天,DON组GSH-Px的活性显著低于对照组(P<0.05),竹炭和竹醋液组与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05)。T-AOC、CAT在整个试验过程中各组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。2)DON组回肠绒毛高度显著低于对照组、竹醋液组(P<0.05),竹炭、竹醋液组与对照组相比差异不显著(P>0.05);DON组空肠隐窝深度显著高于对照组(P<0.05),竹炭、竹醋液组与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05)。各组间回肠、空肠杯状细胞数和淋巴细胞数差异不显著(P>0.05)。【结论】饲粮中添加质量分数1.96%竹炭和质量分数0.99%竹醋液可缓解DON导致的仔猪抗氧化性能下降和小肠黏膜损伤,在一定程度上改善仔猪的小肠组织学形态和吸收功能,提高机体的抗氧化能力。

【Objective】This experiment was conducted to study the effects of adding bamboo charcoal and bamboo vinegar to the diets contaminated by DON on oxidation resistance and small intestinal morphology of weaned piglets.【Method】A total of 28 crossbred（Duroc×Landrace×Large white）weaned piglets with an average body weight of （12.10±1.12） kg were randomly assigned to 4 groups with 7 replicates per group and 1 piglet in each replicate.The 4 groups were basal diet（control group）,basal diet＋DON（DON group）,basal diet＋DON＋1.96% bamboo charcoal（bamboo charcoal group）,and basal diet＋DON＋bamboo vinegar 0.99%（bamboo vinegar group）.The experimental period lasted for 37 d.On 15,30 and 37 d,blood was sampled to separate serum,and the contents of GSHPx,CAT,SOD,T-AOC,and MDA were determined.At the end of the experiment,villus height,crypt depth,the number of intestinal lymphocyte numbers and goblet cells of small intestines were measured.【Result】1） The content of MDA in the DON group was significantly higher than control group and bamboo charcoal group（P＜0.05）.There was no significant difference between bamboo charcoal group,bamboo vinegar group and control group on 15 d （P＞0.05）.The activity of SOD in serum of DON group was significantly lower than control group（P＜0.05）.There was no significant difference between bamboo charcoal group,bamboo vinegar group and control group on 30 d （P＞0.05）.The activity of GSH-Px in serum of DON group was significantly lower than control group（P＜0.05）,while there was no significant difference between bamboo charcoal group,bamboo vinegar group and control group on 37 d （P＞0.05）.There was no difference in T-AOC and CAT in the serum between DON group,bamboo charcoal group,bamboo vinegar group and control group（P＞0.05）.2） Ileum villus height in the DON group was significantly lower than control group（P＜0.05）,while there was no significant difference between bamboo charcoal group,bamboo vinegar group and control group on 30 d （P＞0.05）.Jejunal crypt depth in the DON group was significantly higher than control group（P＜0.05）,while there was no significant difference between bamboo charcoal group,bamboo vinegar group and control group on 30 d （P＞0.05）.There was no difference in the number of intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes,goblet cells in ileum and jejunal between DON group,bamboo charcoal group,bamboo vinegar group and control group（P＞0.05）.【Conclusion】Dietary supplementation with addition of 1.96% bamboo charcoal and 0.99% bamboo vinegar could alleviate oxidation resistance damage and the intestinal mucosal damage caused by DON in weaned piglets,and could improve oxidation resistance,small intestinal morphology and absorption function.